Isingeniso
Amagesi ezimboni afana ne-oxygen, i-nitrogen, i-carbon dioxide, i-argon, ne-hydrogen ayisisekelo ezimbonini eziningi, ezihlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukukhiqiza, nokucubungula ukudla. La magesi kufanele ahlanzeke futhi angabi nakungcola ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile nokusebenza kahle. Izihlungi zegesi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni lokhu kuhlanzeka ngokususa ukungcola okungafaka engozini kokubili ikhwalithi yamagesi kanye nokuphepha kwezinqubo ezisizayo. Ukukhetha izihlungi zegesi ezifanele kubalulekile ekuvikeleni okokusebenza, ukuthobela imithetho, nokuvikela abasebenzi, ukwenza ukuhlunga okusebenzayo kube isici esibalulekile sokusetshenziswa kwegesi yezimboni.
1: Ukuqonda Amagesi Ezimboni
Incazelo kanye nezigaba
Amagesi ezimboniamagesi akhiqizwa futhi asetshenziswe ngobuningi emisebenzini ehlukahlukene yezimboni. La magesi ayingxenye ebalulekile ezinqubweni eziningi zokukhiqiza futhi abalulekile emnothweni wesimanje.
Amagesi ezimboni avamilezihlanganisa:
*I-nitrogen:Igesi engenambala, engenaphunga, nenganambitheki eyenza cishe u-78% womkhathi woMhlaba.
*Umoya-mpilo:Igesi engenambala, engenaphunga, nenganambitheki ebalulekile empilweni yomuntu neyezilwane.
*I-Argon:Igesi elingenambala, elingenaphunga, nelingenakunambitheka eliyinto yesithathu egcwele kakhulu emkhathini woMhlaba.
*I-Hydrojeni:Igesi engenambala, engenaphunga, nenganambitheki into elula kakhulu kuthebula le-periodic.
*I-Carbon dioxide:Igesi engenambala, engenaphunga, nenganambitheki ekhiqizwa izitshalo phakathi ne-photosynthesis.
Izicelo of Industrial Gases
Amagesi ezimboni asetshenziswa emikhakheni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa:
Ukukhiqiza:
*Ukwenziwa kwensimbi:Isetshenziselwa ukusika, ukushisela, nokwelapha izinsimbi.
*Ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali:Isetshenziswa njenge-reactant noma i-catalyst ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali.
*Ukukhiqizwa kwe-elekthronikhi:Isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza nokunamathisela izingxenye.
Ukunakekela impilo:
*Ukunikezwa kwegesi yezokwelapha:Isetshenziselwa ukunakekelwa kwesiguli, i-anesthesia, kanye nokwelashwa kokuphefumula.
*Ukuvala inzalo:Isetshenziselwa ukuvala inzalo imishini yezokwelapha.
Ezogesi:
*Ukukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor:Isetshenziselwa etching, ukuhlanza, kanye deposition izinqubo.
*Ukukhiqizwa kwe-LED:Isetshenziselwa ukukhulisa amakristalu namadivayisi wokudonsa.
*Ukucubungula ukudla:
*Ukupakisha:Isetshenziselwa ukupakisha okulungisiwe komkhathi (MAP) ukuze kunwetshwe impilo yeshalofu.
*Ukukhiqizwa kwesiphuzo:Isetshenziselwa i-carbonation nokuhlanza.
Ezinye izimboni:
*Uwoyela negesi:Isetshenziselwa ukumba, ukukhiqiza, nokucwenga.
*Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo:
Isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza amanzi angcolile kanye nokulawula ukungcoliswa komoya.
These ziyizibonelo ezimbalwa zokusetshenziswa okuningi kwamagesi ezimboni.
Ukuguquguquka nokubaluleka kwazo kuzenza zibe izingxenye ezibalulekile zemboni yesimanje.
2: Izakhiwo Zegesi Yezimboni
Izakhiwo Zomzimba Nezamakhemikhali
Amagesi ezimboni akhombisa inhlobonhlobo yezinto ezibonakalayo namakhemikhali anomthelela ekusetshenzisweni nasekuphatheni kwawo. Ezinye izici ezibalulekile zifaka:
*Ukuphinda kwenziwe:
Ikhono legesi lokubhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Amagesi asebenzayo kakhulu, njenge-oxygen ne-hydrogen,
kungadala izingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha uma zingaphathwa ngendlela efanele.
*Ubuthi:
Ikhono legesi lokulimaza impilo yomuntu. Amagesi anobuthi, njenge-carbon monoxide, angabulala uma ehogeliwe.
*Ukuvutha:
Ikhono legesi ukuvutha nokuvutha. Amagesi avuthayo, njenge-hydrogen ne-methane, adala ingozi yomlilo nokuqhuma.
*Ukuminyana:
Isisindo segesi ngeyunithi ngayinye yevolumu. Ukuminyana kuthinta izinga lokusabalalisa futhi kungaba nomthelela ekuziphatheni kwamagesi ezindaweni ezivalekile.
*Iphuzu lokubilisa:
Izinga lokushisa igesi elijiya ngalo libe uketshezi. Amagesi anamaphuzu aphansi abilayo angaba nzima ukuwagcina nokuthutha.
*Ukunyibilika:
Ikhono legesi lokuncibilika oketshezini. Ukuncibilika kungaba nomthelela ekuziphatheni kwamagesi athinta uketshezi, njengamanzi noma igazi.
Ukucatshangelwa Kokuphepha Nokusingatha
Ukusingathwa okuphephile nokunesibopho kwamagesi ezimboni kubalulekile ukuvimbela izingozi nokuvikela impilo yabantu. Izinyathelo zokuphepha ezibalulekile kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha zihlanganisa:
*Isitoreji:
Gcina amagesi ezitsheni ezifanele nasezindaweni ezinomoya omuhle. Qinisekisa ukuthi iziqukathi zilebulwe ngendlela efanele futhi zivikelekile.
*Ukuphatha:
Sebenzisa amathuluzi afanelekile, njengezilawuli zokucindezela kanye namamitha okugeleza, lapho uphatha amagesi.
Gwema ukushintsha okungazelelwe kwengcindezi noma ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.
Ukungenisa umoya:
Nikeza umoya owanele ezindaweni lapho amagesi asetshenziswa noma agcinwa khona.
*Izisetshenziswa zokuzivikela zomuntu siqu (i-PPE):
Gqoka i-PPE efanele, njengamagilavu, izibuko zokuphepha,
kanye nokuvikelwa kokuphefumula, lapho uphatha amagesi.
*Izinqubo eziphuthumayo:
Yakha futhi usebenzise izinqubo eziphuthumayo zokubhekana nokuvuza noma ukuchitheka kwegesi.
*Ukuqeqesha:
Ukuhlinzeka ngoqeqesho kubasebenzi ngokuphathwa ngokuphephile nokugcinwa kwamagesi ezimboni.
Ngokuqonda izakhiwo zamagesi ezimbonini nokulandela izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele,
kungenzeka ukunciphisa ubungozi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphephile nangempumelelo kwalezi zinsiza ezibalulekile.
3: Isingeniso Sokuhlunga Kwegesi
Inhloso Yokuhlunga Kwegesi
Ukuhlunga kwegesiinqubo yokukhipha ukungcola emfudlaneni wegesi.
Lokhu kubalulekile ezinhlelweni eziningi zezimboni ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:
*Ukuvikelwa kwemishini engezansi:
Ukungcola emifudlaneni yegesi kungalimaza noma kuvimbe imishini, okuholela ekulungiseni okubizayo kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula.
*Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo:
Ukungcola kungangcolisa imikhiqizo, kuthinte izinga nokusebenza kwayo.
*Ukuthobela imvelo:
Izimboni eziningi zingaphansi kwemithetho eqinile mayelana nokukhipha izinto ezingcolisayo endaweni ezungezile.
Ukuhlunga kwegesi kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotshelwa kwale mithetho.
Umthelela Wokungcola Ezinkambisweni Nezisetshenziswa
Ukungcola emifudlaneni yegesi kungaba nemithelela ehlukahlukene emibi ezinqubweni nakumathuluzi, okuhlanganisa:
*Ukugqwala:Ukungcola kungabangela ukugqwala kwemishini, okuholela ekuhlulekeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
*Ukuvala:I-particle ingavala izihlungi, ama-valve, nezinye izinto zokusebenza, kunciphise ukusebenza kahle nokwandisa izindleko zokulungisa.
*Ukungcola:Ukungcola kungangcolisa imikhiqizo, kuyenze ingakufanelekeli ukusetshenziswa.
*Izingozi zokuphepha:Okunye ukungcola, njengamagesi anobuthi noma izinto ezivuthayo, kungaba yingozi yokuphepha.
Izinhlobo Zezihlungi Zegesi
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zezihlungi zegesi ezitholakalayo, ngasinye sinezici zayo ezihlukile kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa:
*Izihlungi zensimbi ezihlanganisiwe:
Lezi zihlungi zenziwe ngensimbi enezimbotshana futhi zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zimelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu nezingcindezi.
Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukususa i-particle kusuka emifudlaneni yegesi.
*Izihlungi zekhabhoni ezicushiwe:
Lezi zihlungi zenziwa ngekhabhoni ecushiwe, into enezimbotshana ezinhle kakhulu ezikhangayo namagesi.
Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukususa ama-organic compounds, iphunga, nokunye ukungcola okuguquguqukayo.
*Izihlungi ze-Ceramic:
Lezi zihlungi zenziwe ngezinto zobumba futhi zimelana kakhulu nokugqwala nokushaqeka okushisayo.
Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokushisa eziphezulu, ezifana nokuhlunga kwegesi ye-flue.
*Izihlungi ze-membrane:
Lezi zihlungi zisebenzisa ulwelwesi oluncane ukuze luhlukanise ukungcola nokugeleza kwegesi.
Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukususa izinhlayiya ezinhle kakhulu namagesi.
Ukukhethwa kwesihlungi segesi kuncike ohlelweni oluthile kanye nezinhlobo zokungcola okudingeka zisuswe.
4: Ukukhetha Izihlungi Zegesi Ezilungile
Izinto Okufanele Zicabangele
Lapho ukhetha isihlungi segesi, izici ezimbalwa okufanele zicatshangelwe:
*Ukuhambisana nohlobo lwegesi:
Izinto zokuhlunga kumele zihambisane negesi ehlungwayo.
Isibonelo, isihlungi esidizayinelwe amagesi abolayo singase singafaneli umfudlana wegesi oqukethe izinto ezivuthayo.
*Impahla yokuhlunga kanye nokumelana kwayo namakhemikhali namazinga okushisa:
Izinto zokuhlunga kumele zimelane namakhemikhali namazinga okushisa akhona emfudlaneni wegesi.
Isibonelo, isihlungi esenziwe ngezinto zepulasitiki singase singalungeli ukusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
*Usayizi we-Pore nokusebenza kahle kokuhlunga:
Usayizi wembotshana wesihlungi unquma ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga kwayo.
Osayizi abancane bezimbotshana bangasusa izinhlayiya ezincane kodwa bangase bakhulise ukwehla kwengcindezi kuso sonke isihlungi.
Ukugcinwa Kwesihlungi Nesikhathi Sokuphila
Ukugcinwa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo ende nokusebenza kahle kwezihlungi zegesi.
Izinqubo zokunakekela ezibalulekile zihlanganisa:
*Ukuhlola okuvamile:
Hlola izihlungi njalo ukuze uthole izimpawu zokuguga, ukonakala, noma ukuvaleka.
*Ukuhlanza:
Hlanza izihlungi njengoba kudingeka ukuze ususe ukungcola okunqwabelene.
Indlela yokuhlanza izoncika ohlotsheni lwesihlungi kanye nemvelo yokungcola.
*Ukushintshwa:
Shintsha izihlungi uma zivaleke kakhulu noma zilimele ukuze zisebenze kahle.
Izinkomba zokushintsha isihlungi noma ukunakekelwakungase kuhlanganise:
*Umfutho okhuphukile wehla kuso sonke isihlungi:Njengoba izihlungi ziba zivalekile, ukwehla kwengcindezi kuzo zonke kuyanda.
*Izinga lokugeleza elincishisiwe:Isihlungi esivalekile singanciphisa izinga lokugeleza komfudlana wegesi.
*Izinguquko kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo:Uma ukungcola kudlula kusihlungi, kungangcolisa umkhiqizo.
*Ukuhlola okubonakalayo:Bheka izimpawu zokuguga, ukonakala, noma ukushintsha kombala kusihlungi.
Ngokulandela lezi ziqondiso, kungenzeka ukukhetha nokugcina izihlungi zegesi ezisebenzayo nezihlala isikhathi eside.
5: Izibonelo
I-Case Study 1: Ukukhiqiza I-Semiconductor
Inkinga:
Umkhiqizi we-semiconductor ubebhekene nokulahlekelwa kwesivuno ngenxa yokungcoliswa kwezinhlayiya endaweni yegumbi elihlanzekile.
Isixazululo:
Inkampani isebenzise uhlelo oluphelele lokuhlunga, okuhlanganisa izihlungi ze-high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) kanye nezihlungi.
Izihlungi ze-ultra-low particulate air (ULPA), ukuze zikhiphe izinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni endlini ehlanzekile.
Izinzuzo:
Isistimu yokuhlunga inciphise kakhulu ukungcoliswa kwezinhlayiya, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni okumangalisayo kwesivuno somkhiqizo kanye nekhwalithi.
Isifundo 2: Ukwenziwa Kwemithi
Inkinga:
Inkampani eyenza imithi yayizabalaza ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokulawula izinga lomoya ezindaweni zayo zokukhiqiza.
Isixazululo:
Le nkampani ifake izihlungi zekhabhoni ezicushiwe ukuze zisuse ama-volatile organic compounds (VOCs) nokunye ukungcola emoyeni.
Izinzuzo:
Izihlungi zekhabhoni ezicushiwe zinciphise ngempumelelo ukukhishwa kwe-VOC, ziqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zokulawula kanye nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yomoya iyonke ezikhungweni zokukhiqiza.
Indaba 3: Ukucubungula Ukudla
Inkinga:
Imboni yokucubungula ukudla ibinenkinga yokonakala komkhiqizo ngenxa yokungcoliswa amagciwane.
Isixazululo:
Inkampani isebenzise uhlelo lokuhlunga ukuze isuse amabhaktheriya namanye ama-microorganisms ekuhlinzekeni komoya ezindaweni zokukhiqiza.
Izinzuzo:
Isistimu yokuhlunga inciphise ukungcoliswa kwamagciwane, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni okuphawulekayo empilweni yeshalofu yomkhiqizo kanye nekhwalithi.
Lezi zibonelo zezifundo zibonisa ukubaluleka kokukhetha izihlungi zegesi ezifanele zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.
Ngokucubungula ngokucophelela izici ezifana nohlobo lwegesi, okokuhlunga, kanye nosayizi wembotshana, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa amasistimu okuhlunga.
ezihlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezibalulekile ngokwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo, nokuhambisana nemvelo.
Isiphetho
Emva kwakho Ukuqonda amagesi ezimboni kanye nokubaluleka okubalulekile kokukhetha izihlungi zegesi ezifanele kubalulekile
ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle, ukuphepha, kanye nokuhambisana kwezinqubo ezahlukene zezimboni.
Ngezixazululo ezifanele zokuhlunga, ungavikela ukusebenza kwakho, unwebe ubude besikhathi semishini yakho,
kanye nokugcina amazinga aphezulu okuphepha kanye nekhwalithi.
Ukuze uthole izeluleko zochwepheshe futhi ezihambisanayoizixazululo zokuhlungaezihlangabezana nezidingo zakho ezithile,
xhumana nathi kuka@hengko.com. sisebenza ngokukhethekile ekuklameni nasekunikezeni izinga eliphezulu
izihlungi zegesi eziqinisekisa ukuthi amagesi akho ezimbonini ahlanzekile futhi aphephile ngangokunokwenzeka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-10-2024
