Izinsimbi ziyizinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene kusukela kwezokwakha kuya ekukhiqizeni. Nokho, abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi insimbi inezimbotshana. Kulesi sihloko, sixoxa ngokuthi iyini i-porosity, ukuthi ithinta kanjani izinsimbi, futhi siphendule imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-porosity ezinsimbi.
Iyini i-porosity?
I-Porosity isilinganiso sesikhala esingenalutho (izimbotshana) ngaphakathi kwempahla. Kuyisilinganiso sevolumu yalezi zikhala ezingenalutho nenani eliphelele lempahla. I-porosity ithinta izici ezibonakalayo nezomshini zezinto ezifana nokuminyana, amandla kanye nokungena.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-Porosity, kufaka phakathi:
I-Porosity evaliwe:Ama-voids angaxhumekile phezulu kwempahla.
I-porosity evulekile:Ama-voids axhumeke ebusweni bento.
Ngokusebenzisa i-Porosity:Ama-voids axhunywe kuzo zombili izindawo ezibonakalayo.
Ezinye izibonelo zezinto ezimbobozelayo izipontshi, iphepha, negwebu, kuyilapho izinto ezingezona izimbotshana zifaka ingilazi, izitsha zobumba, nezinye izinsimbi.
Isho ukuthini i-porous?
Imbobo yisichasiso esichaza into enezimbotshana noma izimbotshana ezivumela uketshezi noma amagesi ukudlula kuyo. Ngamanye amazwi, libhekisela ekhonweni lento ethile yokumunca nomavumela izinto ukuba zidlule. Izinto ezinama-porous zinendawo ephezulu futhi zisetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ezifana nokuhlunga, ukufakwa kwe-insulation kanye nokumuncwa.
Izibonelo Zezinto Ezinembobo Nezingenambobo
1. Ezinye Izibonelo Zezinto Ezingenambobo yilezi:
isipontshi
inhlabathi
ukhuni
Igwebu
Iphepha
amalahle
2. Ezinye Izibonelo Zezinto Ezingenambobo yilezi:
Ingilazi
izitsha zobumba
Izinsimbi ezithile (njengegolide, isiliva, neplatinamu)
ipulasitiki (kuye ngokuthi uhlobo)
I-Porosity in Metals
Izinsimbi zingase zibe nezimbotshana ngenxa yenqubo yokukhiqiza noma ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Izinsimbi ezinama-Porous zingaba nezakhiwo ezifana nokwanda kwendawo engaphezulu, ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal kanye nogesi okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nekhono lokuhlunga elithuthukisiwe.
Ngokwesibonelo, insimbi engagqwali ingase ibe nezimbotshana ngenxa yokuba khona kwama-welds noma ukwakheka kokugqwala. I-Aluminium nayo ingaba nezimbotshana ngenxa yokwakheka kwezingqimba ze-oxide noma ukungcola ensimbi. Insimbi ingase ibe nezimbotshana ngenxa yenqubo yayo yokukhiqiza noma ukuchayeka ezindaweni ezonakalisayo.
Ukuhlola i-Porosity ku-Metals
Ukunquma i-porosity yensimbi, izindlela ezahlukahlukene zingasetshenziswa, njenge:
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Metallographic:Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa isibonakhulu ukuhlola ukwakheka kwensimbi.
I-Radiography:Lokhu kuhilela ukuveza insimbi kuma-X-ray ukuze kutholwe izikhala zangaphakathi.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic:Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa amaza omsindo ayimvamisa ephezulu ukuze kutholwe izikhala zangaphakathi.
Indlela ye-pycnometric yegesi:Lokhu kubandakanya ukukala umthamo wegesi egudluzwayo ngezinto eziqinile.
Indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi futhi ingakhethwa ngokuvumelana nezidingo zesicelo.
Izicelo ze-Porous Metal
Izinsimbi ezinama-porous zisetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene kuzo zonke izimboni, kufaka phakathi:
Ezezimoto:Isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokujova uphethiloli, izihlungi zomoya kanye nezinhlelo zokukhipha umoya.
Ezokwelapha:Okokufaka, izifakelo zamazinyo nezinsimbi zokuhlinza.
Ezogesi:Okosinki okushisa nokuvikela i-electromagnetic.
I-Aerospace:Okwamathangi kaphethiloli, izishintshisi zokushisa nezihlungi.
Ukwakhiwa:Okwamaphaneli e-acoustic kanye ne-facade cladding.
Eminye yemikhiqizo yensimbi enwetshiwe ethandwa kakhulu emakethe ihlanganisa ishidi lensimbi elinwetshiwe,
ishubhu lensimbi elinwetshiwe, ishidi le-aluminium elinwetshiwe, ishidi le-aluminium elinwetshiwe, negwebu lensimbi elinwetshiwe.
Ungawavimba Kanjani Ama-Pores ku-Metal
Ama-bloodholes angavinjelwa ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
Ukukhetha kahle izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nama-alloys.
Ukulungiswa kahle kwezindawo zensimbi ngaphambi kokushisela noma ukuhlanganisa.
Amasu okushisela afanelekile noma okuhlanganisa kanye nemingcele.
Sebenzisa igesi yokuvikela noma i-flux.
Nciphisa ukuchayeka ezindaweni ezonakalisayo.
Ngokuthatha lezi zinyathelo, ukwakheka kwama-voids ensimbi kungancishiswa, okuholela emikhiqizweni yensimbi enamandla futhi enokwethenjelwa.
Ingabe i-Stainless Steel inezimbobo?
Insimbi engagqwali ngokuvamile ayibhekwa njengento enezimbobo ngomqondo wendabuko ngoba ayivumeli izinto ukuba zidlule kalula. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izindawo zensimbi ezingenasici zingashintshwa ukuze zenze zibe ne-porous ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi, kuye ngokuthi inqubo ethile yokuqedela esetshenzisiwe. Isibonelo, indawo yensimbi engagqwali epholishwe kakhulu ayinazimbobo kunendawo ebhulashiwe noma enesanti. Futhi, uma indawo yensimbi engagqwali ilimele noma iklwejwa, ingase igle kalula futhi ingase ivumele izinto ukuthi zingene kalula.
Ingabe i-Aluminiyamu Inama-Porous?
I-aluminium ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengensimbi enezimbotshana ngoba ikwazi ukumunca kalula uketshezi namagesi ebusweni bayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-aluminium ngokwemvelo yakha ungqimba oluncane lwe-oxide ebusweni bayo, oludala izimbotshana ezincane lapho izinto zingadlula khona. Kodwa-ke, izinga le-porosity lingahluka kuye ngezinto ezifana ne-alloy ye-aluminium, i-surface finish, nanoma yikuphi ukunamathela noma ukwelapha okufakwa phezulu. Kwezinye izimo, i-aluminium ingancishiswa ku-porosity ngokusebenzisa izinqubo ezifana ne-anodizing noma ukumbozwa nge-sealant.
Ingabe Insimbi Inezimbotshana?
Ngokufanayo nensimbi engagqwali, insimbi ngokuvamile ayibhekwa njengento enezimbotshana ngomqondo wendabuko. Kodwa-ke, i-porosity yensimbi ingancika ezintweni eziningi, njengohlobo oluthile lwensimbi, indawo engaphezulu, kanye nanoma yiziphi izinto zokumboza noma ukwelapha okufakwa phezulu. Isibonelo, izinhlobo ezithile zensimbi zingase zibe nesakhiwo sokusanhlamvu esivulekile futhi zijwayele ukugqwala noma ukugqwala, okungaholela ekwakhekeni kwama-pores noma imigodi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukwengeza, uma ingaphezulu lensimbi lingapholishwanga kahle noma lingavikelwe kahle, lingaba nezimbotshana futhi libe sengozini yokugqwala noma ezinye izinhlobo zokuwohloka.
Yiziphi Imikhiqizo Yensimbi Eyizimbotshana Edumile Emakethe?
Yebo, kunemikhiqizo eminingi yensimbi enezimbotshana ethandwayo emakethe. Eminye yemikhiqizo evame kakhulu yensimbi enezimbotshana yile:
5.1 I-Metal Plate Enezimbobo
Lezi izinsimbi eziyisicaba ezine-porosity elawulwayo ezingasetshenziselwa ukuhlunga, ukusabalalisa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ngokuvamile zenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali, i-titanium noma i-nickel alloys.
5.2 Ishubhu lensimbi elinezimbotshana
Lawa amashubhu angenalutho ane-porosity elawulwayo engasetshenziselwa ukuhlunga, ukufaka umoya, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ngokuvamile zenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali noma i-titanium.
5.3 I-Aluminiyamu Plate enezimbotshana
Lawa amashidi ayisicaba e-aluminium ane-porosity elawulwayo angasetshenziselwa ukuhlunga, ukusabalalisa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezifana ne-aerospace nezimoto.
5.4. I-Perforated Aluminium Plate
Lawa amashidi ayisicaba e-aluminium ane-porosity elawulwayo angasetshenziselwa ukuhlunga, ukusabalalisa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezifana ne-electronics kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.
5.5 Igwebu lensimbi elinezimbotshana
Lezi yizakhiwo ezilula ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu ezenziwe ngezinsimbi ezine-porosity elawulwayo.
Asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezifana nezamandla, i-aerospace kanye nezimoto ezisetshenziswayo ezifana nezishintshisi zokushisa,
iziguquli ze-catalytic kanye nokufakwa komsindo.
Ekuphetheni
Kafushane, izinsimbi zingaba nezimbotshana ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene ezifana nenqubo yokukhiqiza yensimbi, ukuchayeka ekulimaleni.
izindawo, noma ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Izinsimbi ezinama-Porous zinezicelo eziningi ezimbonini ezahlukene futhi izakhiwo zazo zingaba
ithuthukisiwe ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile. I-porosity ezinsimbi kufanele ihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokwethembeka kwazo. Ngokufanelekile
izilinganiso, i-porosity ezinsimbi ingancishiswa, okuholela emikhiqizweni yensimbi enamandla futhi ehlala isikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-09-2023
