Ingemuva Lokuthuthukiswa
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zezinsimbi zokushisa nomswakama kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamakhemikhali esindayo kuyinkathi efanayo. Ngaphambi kweminyaka yawo-1980, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama amathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu elabhorethri, imishini yokulinganisa eyinhloko ine-DC engaba umehluko imitha, ibhuloho le-dc, ibhuloho le-AC, i-galvanometer, imishini yokushisa engashintshi. Maphakathi nama-1980s ngasekupheleni, inani elikhulu lamabhizinisi angaphandle athuthukile okushisa nomswakama kanye nethuluzi lokulawula langena e-China, likhuthaza inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe embonini yensimbi yokushisa nomswakama yaseChina.
Ngo-2019, amandla emakethe yezinsimbi zokushisa nomswakama eChina angaba yizigidi ezingama-660, imboni ye-petrochemical ifuna cishe ama-yuan ayizigidi ezingama-200 ngonyaka, imboni yamandla icishe ibe yizigidi eziyi-100 zamayuan ngonyaka, imboni yensimbi icishe ibe yizigidi ezingama-050, imboni yemishini icishe ibe yizigidi ezingama-060, imboni yokulinganisa icishe ibe yizigidi ezingama-050, eminye imikhakha iyizigidi ezingama-yuan ezingama-200. I-Chinese instrumentation Institute ibikezela ukuthi isikali esifunwayo samathuluzi okushisa nokuswakama eminyakeni embalwa ezayo sizogcina izinga lokukhula lonyaka elicishe libe ngu-10.00%. Ngokwaleli zinga lokukhula, amandla emakethe yamathuluzi okushisa aseChina azofinyelela ku-966 million yuan ngo-2020.
Ukutholwa kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama ezimbonini eziningi kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene, futhi inqubo yebhizinisi kunomehluko omkhulu, futhi kunomehluko omkhulu esidingweni sokulawula izinga lokushisa nomswakama, ngoba kube nomehluko omkhulu esidingweni sethuluzi lokulinganisa izinga lokushisa nomswakama. izimboni, okuhlanganisa i-petroleum, amakhemikhali, amandla kagesi, i-metallurgy, imboni yemishini, isidingo sethuluzi lokushisa nomswakama sikhulu, isidingo esikhulu futhi sigcina imboni yokulinganisa.
Izinga lokushisa kanye nensimbi yomswakama ithuthuka kancane kancane
1. Ukuhlukahluka emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe
Njengamanje, amathuluzi okushisa nomswakama asetshenziswe kakhulu embonini, ezolimo, ucwaningo lwesayensi nakweminye imikhakha, edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekulinganiseni, ekuqoqweni, ekuhlaziyeni nasekulawuleni. Empeleni imikhiqizo yezinsimbi zokushisa nokuswakama isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi yabantu, ngokuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa nokuswakama, ukuthuthukiswa okuhlukahlukene, futhi kancane kancane yangena kubuchwepheshe be-biochip, izinzwa, i-electronic design automation, ukucubungula isignali yedijithali, nezinye izindawo. kobuchwepheshe obusha, inkambu yesicelo elandelayo yensimbi yokushisa nomswakama nayo izothola ukwanda ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka yentuthuko, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama ithuluzi imboni China uye wasungula ezihlukahlukene izigaba ephelele umkhiqizo, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama ithuluzi amabhizinisi abuye abe nesilinganiso esithile sokukhiqiza kanye nohlelo lwezimboni, ngakho amathuluzi kagesi, ukulinganisa izimboni kanye nezinsimbi zokuhlola zesayensi kanye namamitha field. ube nendawo. Imakethe yasekhaya sekuyisikhathi eside yazalwa inamabhizinisi amaningi ancintisana namazwe ngamazwe, kungashiwo ukuthi i-China isiyimitha yehora le-watt, isibonakhulu, i-thermometer, igeji yokucindezela kanye namanye amazinga okushisa nomswakama wokukhiqiza imboni kanye namandla okuthekelisa.
2. Ukunciphisa kancane kancane igebe lamazwe ngamazwe
Ezingxenyeni zemboni yezinsimbi zokushisa nokuswakama zaseShayina, kusenezinkampani ezinkulu zangaphandle ezithatha imakethe yemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa ungadangali, amabhizinisi aseShayina anezinzuzo ezithile kwezinye izingxenye zemikhiqizo. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi nakuba izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-Semerfei ne-Shimazin ziphethe iningi lemakethe yezinsimbi ezisezingeni eliphezulu e-China, amabhizinisi ase-China i-Tianrui Instrument kanye ne-Xianhe Environmental Protection anezinzuzo ezinkulu emikhakheni yokuhlukaniswa iziqephu njengamathuluzi okuhlaziya izinto kanye namathuluzi okuqapha imvelo. Ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yamuva, imboni yezinsimbi zokushisa nomswakama yaseShayina ithuthuke ngokushesha ngokuthuthuka kwamazinga okuphila kanye nenqubekelaphambili yomphakathi, futhi igebe emazweni angaphandle belilokhu lincipha. Iqukethwe: emisha yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kanye nenqubekelaphambili yayo yezimboni kancane kancane ihambisana nesivinini samazwe ngamazwe; Ukuphumelela kanye nokusungulwa kobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko kuthuthukise izinga lokushisa kanye nezisetshenziswa zomswakama. Ukuzinza nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo kukhula kancane kancane, futhi abathengi bazimiseleukukhokhelaimikhiqizo yasekhaya. Ukushintshwa kwasekhaya kokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zezinsimbi zokushisa nomswakama zaseChina.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-13-2020
