Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukusetshenziswa kweizinzwa zokushisa nomswakamaemikhakheni eyahlukahlukene iyanda kakhulu, futhi ubuchwepheshe buya ngokuya bukhula. Ezisekelweni eziningi zokukhulisa amakhowe, igumbi ngalinye lamakhowe linomsebenzi wokulawula izinga lokushisa njalo, ukubulala amagciwane ngomusi, ukungenisa umoya njalo njalo. Phakathi kwazo, igumbi ngalinye lamakhowe lifakwe nesethi yesistimu yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo kwemvelo, ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa zokushisa nomswakama busetshenziswa kabanzi kulolu hlobo lwemishini.
Njengoba sazi, igumbi lesikhunta linezidingo eziphezulu zokukhanya, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama endaweni, kanye nomswakama esikhwameni sesikhunta. Ngokuvamile, igumbi lomngcele lifakwe ibhokisi lokulawula indawo elihlukile, elinomthwalo wokulawula okuzenzakalelayo kwendawo yangaphakathi. Ibhokisi limakwe ngedatha efana nokushisa, umswakama kanye nokugcwala kwe-carbon dioxide.
Phakathi kwazo, inombolo ehleliwe iyisethi yedatha engcono kakhulu yokukhuthaza ukukhula kwesikhunta esidliwayo; Enye ikholomu yokushintsha izinombolo, yidatha yesikhathi sangempela yegumbi lamakhowe. Uma igumbi seliphambukile kudatha esethiwe, ibhokisi lokulawula lizolungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Izinga lokushisa liyisici esisebenza kakhulu ezimweni zemvelo, futhi liyisici esinomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizweni, ekukhiqizweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwesikhunta esidliwayo. Noma yiluphi uhlobo kanye nohlobo lokukhula kwe-mycelium lunezinga lokushisa lokukhula kwalo, izinga lokushisa lokukhula elifanele kanye nezinga lokushisa lokukhula elifanele, kodwa futhi lunezinga lokushisa lalo eliphezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphansi lokufa. Ekukhiqizweni kwezinhlobo, izinga lokushisa lokukhula libekwe ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa lokukhula elifanele. Ngokuvamile, ukubekezelela isikhunta esidliwayo ekushiseni okuphezulu kuncane kakhulu kunalokho ekushiseni okuphansi. Imiphumela ikhombisile ukuthi umsebenzi, ukukhula kanye nokumelana kwezinhlobo ezikhuliswe ekushiseni okuphansi kwakuphakeme kunalezo ezikhuliswe ekushiseni okuphezulu.
Inkinga yokushisa okuphezulu akuyona izinga lokushisa eliphansi kodwa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ekukhuleni kwezinhlobo, ukukhula kwe-hypha kwehle kakhulu noma kwaze kwaphela ngemva kokuba izinga lokushisa lidlule umkhawulo ophezulu wokushisa ofanele ukukhula. Lapho izinga lokushisa lehla liye ekukhuleni kwalo, yize i-mycelia ingaqhubeka nokukhula, kodwa, isikhathi sokuma sakha indandatho yokushisa ephezulu ephuzi noma ensundu ngokukhanyayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu, ukungcoliswa kwezinhlobo zamagciwane kwenzeka kaningi.
Ngokuvamile, esigabeni sokukhula kwe-hyphae yesikhunta esidliwayo, okuqukethwe kwamanzi okufanele kwezinto zokukhulisa ngokuvamile kungu-60% ~ 65%, kanti isidingo samanzi somzimba wezithelo sikhulu esigabeni sokwakheka. Ngenxa yokuhwamuka nokumuncwa kwemizimba yezithelo, amanzi ezintweni zokukhulisa ancishiswa njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma indlu yamakhowe ingagcina umswakama othile womoya, kungavimbela nokuhwamuka kwamanzi ngokweqile esikweni. Ngaphezu kokuqukethwe kwamanzi okwanele, isikhunta esidliwayo sidinga nomswakama othile womoya. Umswakama womoya ofanele ukukhula kwe-mycelium ngokuvamile ungu-80% ~ 95%. Uma umswakama womoya ungaphansi kuka-60%, umzimba wezithelo wamakhowe e-oyster uyayeka ukukhula. Uma umswakama womoya ungaphansi kuka-45%, umzimba wezithelo ngeke usahluka, futhi amakhowe amancane asevele ehlukanisiwe azoma futhi afe. Ngakho-ke umswakama womoya ubaluleke kakhulu ekutshalweni kwamakhowe adliwayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-14-2020
